In an era dominated by artificial intelligence, cloud computing and data driven decision making, libraries are often assumed to be fading institutions. Yet recent research suggests the opposite. Libraries are quietly evolving into some of the most important digital and sustainability driven infrastructures of modern society.
A peer reviewed study led by Oluwayemi IbukunOluwa Odularu from Walter Sisulu University, South Africa, published in the journal Library Management, argues that libraries are no longer passive repositories of books. Instead, they are becoming active hubs for information technology services, digital inclusion and sustainable development. The article, titled “A review on the germaneness of libraries in sustaining information technology services: rethinking towards futuristic strategies implementation”, examines how libraries can remain relevant and resilient in an increasingly technology driven world.
Drawing on a systematic literature review of 81 scholarly studies, the research highlights the growing importance of libraries in sustaining IT services while identifying critical gaps in how these services are implemented, funded and evaluated.
Why libraries still matter in a digital society
Despite widespread access to smartphones and online platforms, digital inequality remains a persistent global challenge. Millions of people still lack reliable internet access, digital literacy skills or secure information environments. According to Odularu’s research, libraries play a foundational role in addressing these gaps by providing equitable access to technology and information services.
Libraries are increasingly recognised as digital access points where individuals can use computers, access online databases, receive IT training and develop digital skills essential for education and employment. In many communities, particularly in developing regions, libraries are the primary gateway to the digital world. This makes them central to broader conversations around social sustainability and knowledge equity.
The study emphasises that libraries support not only students and researchers but also entrepreneurs, job seekers and marginalised populations. By offering access to digital infrastructure and technical support, libraries help reduce socio economic inequalities and foster inclusive participation in the digital economy.
From bookshelves to information technology hubs
The transformation of libraries into information technology hubs did not happen overnight. Historically, libraries have evolved alongside communication technologies, from manuscript collections to printed books and now digital resources. What distinguishes the current shift is the scale and complexity of technological integration.
Odularu’s review highlights how modern libraries are adopting advanced technologies such as cloud computing, artificial intelligence, machine learning and the Internet of Things. These tools enable libraries to manage digital collections more efficiently, personalise user experiences and improve information retrieval systems.
For example, artificial intelligence is being used to automate cataloguing processes and enhance search accuracy. Cloud based systems allow libraries to store vast digital archives while reducing physical infrastructure costs. Internet of Things technologies are helping create smart library environments with automated lighting, climate control and resource tracking.
Rather than replacing librarians, these technologies are reshaping professional roles and expanding the scope of library services.
Libraries are quietly evolving into some of the most important digital and sustainability‑driven infrastructures of modern society.
— Oluwayemi Odularu
Sustainability beyond environmental concerns
Sustainability is often associated solely with environmental protection, but the research underscores that sustainability in libraries is multidimensional. Economic, social, cultural and environmental sustainability are deeply interconnected within information institutions.
Economically, libraries contribute to sustainable development by supporting lifelong learning and workforce development. They provide access to costly academic databases, training resources and professional development tools that individuals and organisations might otherwise be unable to afford. This reduces barriers to innovation and knowledge creation.
Socially, libraries function as inclusive public spaces that promote digital inclusion, civic engagement and community resilience. They serve as trusted institutions where users can access reliable information in an era marked by misinformation and data insecurity.
Culturally, libraries preserve heritage through digital archiving and promote cultural diversity by providing access to global knowledge resources. Environmentally, the shift towards digital collections reduces paper consumption and physical storage demands, aligning library practices with green information technology principles.
Libraries and the sustainable development goals
A significant contribution of the study lies in its alignment of library IT services with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The research demonstrates that libraries support multiple SDGs through their information technology functions.
Quality education is advanced through digital learning platforms and research databases. Reduced inequalities are addressed by ensuring free or low cost access to technology. Decent work and economic growth are supported through job search tools, digital literacy programmes and entrepreneurial resources.
The study also highlights libraries’ roles in building sustainable cities and communities by serving as knowledge hubs and spaces for lifelong learning. By integrating information technology with community needs, libraries contribute to long term societal resilience.
The challenge of sustaining information technology services
While the potential of libraries as digital institutions is clear, sustaining information technology services presents significant challenges. Odularu’s review identifies funding constraints as one of the most pressing issues. Implementing and maintaining advanced IT infrastructure requires continuous investment, which many libraries struggle to secure.
Staff capacity is another critical concern. The rapid pace of technological change demands ongoing professional development, yet libraries often lack the resources to attract and retain skilled IT personnel. Cybersecurity risks also pose a growing threat, as libraries manage sensitive user data in increasingly interconnected systems.
Interoperability between different digital platforms further complicates service delivery. Many library systems rely on proprietary software that limits data sharing and integration, reducing efficiency and scalability.
Rethinking futuristic strategies for libraries
To address these challenges, the research calls for a strategic rethinking of how libraries implement and sustain information technology services. Collaboration emerges as a central theme. Partnerships with universities, technology companies and other libraries can help share resources, expertise and infrastructure.
The study advocates for greater use of open source software to reduce licensing costs and enhance flexibility. Open access initiatives are also highlighted as a means of expanding the global knowledge commons while reducing financial barriers to information.
User centred design is another recommended approach. By actively engaging users in the development and evaluation of digital services, libraries can ensure that technology investments align with real world needs and behaviours.
Digital literacy as a core library function
One of the most impactful roles libraries play in sustaining IT services is digital literacy education. The research emphasises that access to technology alone is insufficient without the skills to use it effectively.
Libraries increasingly offer training programmes in information management, online safety, data literacy and emerging technologies. These initiatives empower users to navigate digital environments confidently and responsibly.
For researchers and academics, libraries provide specialised support in data curation, research analytics and scholarly communication. For the general public, they offer practical skills that enhance employability and social participation.
This focus on capacity building positions libraries as active agents of digital empowerment rather than passive service providers.
Reference
Odularu, O. I. O. (2025). A review on the germaneness of libraries in sustaining information technology services: rethinking towards futuristic strategies implementation. Library Management, 46(1/2), 109–131. https://doi.org/10.1108/LM-11-2023-0118
